Lymphoid Blast Crisis in a Case of Paediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia

An Unusual Presentation of an Uncommon Malignancy

  • K V Vinu Balraam Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
  • Venkatesan Somasundaram Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
  • Nidhi Garg Command Hospital (Southern Command), Pune
  • Sanjeevan Sharma Command Hospital (Southern Command), Pune
  • Sampath K S Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
  • Reena Bharadwaj Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
Keywords: Acute Leukaemia, Blast Crisis, Paediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia, Splenomegaly

Abstract

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm in which the granulocytes are the major proliferative component and is characterised by the chromosomal translocation t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) leading to the formation of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) containing the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. This entity is quite rare in paediatric age group and even unusual is a child presenting for the first time in an accelerated or blast crisis. Here we unfold an noteworthy case of a 9 year old school going child presenting with complains of vague abdominal distension who on further evaluation was found to be living through leukaemia.

Author Biographies

K V Vinu Balraam, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
Dept of Pathology
Venkatesan Somasundaram, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
Dept of Pathology
Nidhi Garg, Command Hospital (Southern Command), Pune
Dept of Paediatrics
Sanjeevan Sharma, Command Hospital (Southern Command), Pune
Dept of Clinical Haematology & Bone Marrow Transplant Centre
Sampath K S, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
Dept of Pathology
Reena Bharadwaj, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
Dept of Pathology

References

Vardiman JW, Melo JV, Baccarani M, Radich JP KH. WHO Classification of Tumors of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. 4th Revised. Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H TJ, editor. Lyon: WHO Press; 2017. 30-36 p.

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia - Cancer Stat Facts. Seer.cancer.gov. 2018. Available from: https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/cmyl.html

Gupta R, Bhattacharya JB, Narayan S. Pediatric CML Presenting in Blast Crisis- A Rare Occurrence; Report of 3 Cases and Review of Literature. J Hematol Transfus. 2017;5(2).

Iyer P, Carey P, Bown N, Samarasinghe S. Pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia with B-cell lymphoid blast crisis at presentation. Blood Res. 2013 Jun;48(2):151–2.

Borowitz MJ, Chan JKC, Downing JR, Le-Beau MM A DA. WHO Classification of Tumors of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. 4th Revised. Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H TJ, editor. Lyon: WHO Press; 2017. 203-209 p.

Published
17-06-2018
Section
Case Report

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