A Study of Serum Iron Profile in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21276/apalm.2508Keywords:
Chronic Kidney Disease, Serum Iron, TIBC, FerritinAbstract
Background: Even though anemia and iron deficiency can increase the morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), an iron overload can be dangerous as well.
Aim: Identify the number of CKD patients with iron deficiency, iron overload, acute phase reaction and anemia of chronic disease in a tertiary care hospital.
Material and methods: The study was conducted in Kasturba medical college, Manipal. 154 patients with CKD were selected for the study irrespective of their treatment status with hematinics and/or erythropoietin.
Results: The mean total serum iron levels were 61μg/dl, Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) 216.43 μg/dl, serum ferritin 539.68 μg/dl, and transferrin saturation of 32.18% respectively. When the serum iron profile of individuals was analyzed, majority (54.25%) of the patients were found to have acute phase reaction and most of them were in advanced stage of renal failure. Normal serum iron profile was found in 37.2% patients, iron overload in 2.2%, anemia of chronic disease in 5.3% and iron deficiency in 1% cases. These findings were statistically significant with the P value of 0.001.
Conclusion: Most common type of serum iron profile found in the study population was acute phase reaction (54%) and majority of them were in stage 5 renal failure. Hence, before beginning an iron therapy, all the patients with anemia in chronic kidney disease should be evaluated for body iron status to prevent iron overload.
References
2. Sargent JA, Acchiardo SR. Iron requirements in hemodialysis. Blood Purif. 2004; 22:112–123.
3. Wizemann V, Buddensiek P, de Boor J, et al. Gastrointestinal blood loss in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis. Kidney Int Suppl. 1983;16: S218–S220.
4. IC Macdougall et al.: Iron management in CKD: a KDIGO executive summary report.
5. Besarab A, Kaiser JW, Frinak S. A study of parenteral iron regimens in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999; 34:21–28.
6. Weiss G and Goodnough L, Anemia of Chronic Disease. N Engl J Med 2005; 352:1011- 1023.
7. Worwood M, May A. Iron deficiency anemia and iron overload. In: Dacie and Lewis practical hematology. 11th ed. Elsevier; Chrurchill livingstone. 2011;176- 196.
8. Van Bokhoven MA, van Deursen CT, Swinkels DW. Diagnosis and management of hereditary haemochromatosis. BMJ. 2011;342:c7251.
9. Hershko C. Pathogenesis and management of iron toxicity in thalassemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010; 1202:1–9.
10. Worwood M, May A. Iron deficiency anemia and iron overload. In: Dacie and Lewis practical hematology. 11th ed. Elsevier; Chrurchill livingstone.2011. P. 176- 196.
11. Talwar VK, Gupta HL and Shashinarayan. Clinicohematological profile in chronic renal failure. JAPI. 2002; 50:228-233
12. Singh NP, Aggarwal L, Singh T, Anuradha S and kohli R. Anemia, Iron studies and erythropoietin in patients of chronic renal failure. JAPI.1999; 47(3):284-290
13. Jairam A et al. Iron status, inflammation and hepcidin in ESRD patients: the confounding role of intravenous iron therapy. Indian journal of nephrology. 2010; 20(3):125-131.
14. Deori R et al. Iron status in chronic kidney disease patients. International journal of research in medicine sciences. 2016; Aug; 8(4);3229-3234.
15. Vazir ND, Pahl MV, Crum A and Norris K. Effect of uremia on structure and function of immune system. J ren Nutr: 2012; 22(1): 149-156.
16. KDOQI clinical practice guidelines and clinical practice recommendations for anemia in chronic kidney disease. Am.J.Kidney Dis 2006 May;47(5):S28-32.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Indira Shastry, Sushma Belurkar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access at http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html).
