Is HPV virus associated with human breast cancer? Time to re-examine the postulate. Egyptian Study
Keywords:
breast cancer, human papillomavirus, koilocytes, PCRAbstract
Background: There is increasing evidence that high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) is involved in cancers in addition to cervical cancer. Infectious agents are thought to be responsible for approximately 16% of cancers worldwide, however there are mixed reports in the literature regarding the prevalence and potential pathogenicity of viruses in breast cancer.
Methods: We screened 30 fresh frozen breast cancer tissue specimens collected immediately postoperative from patients in Ain-Shams University Hospital for the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA by PCR and Koilocytic changes in the breast cancer tissue.
 Results: Overall prevalence of HPV in malignant breast tissue was 16.7% In addition, we found that the oncogenic characteristics of HPV associated breast cancer are very similar to HPV-associated cervical cancer. Specifically, that putative koilocytes are present in some HPV associated breast cancers.
Conclusion: The above observations indicate a likely causal role for high-risk HPV in human breast cancer and offer the possible role of HPV in breast cancer prognosis.
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DOI:Â 10.21276/APALM.2017.1143
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24. Akil N, Yasmeen A, Kassab A, Ghabreau L, Darnel AD, Al Moustafa AE: High-risk human papillomavirus infections in breast cancer in Syrian women and their association with Id-1 expression: a tissue microarray study. British journal of cancer 2008, 99:404–407.
25. Cavuslu, S., Goodlad, J., Hobbs, C., Connor, A.M., Raju, K.S., Best, J.M. and Cason, J.: Relationship between human papillomavirus infection and overexpression of p53 protein in cervical carcinomas and lymph node metastases. Journal of medical virology 1997, 53;111-117.
26. Fernandes, A., Bianchi, G., Feltri, A.P., Pérez, M. and Correnti, M.: Presence of human papillomavirus in breast cancer and its association with prognostic factors. E cancer medical science 2015, 9.
27. Francis, I.M., Al-Ayadhy, B., Al-Awadhi, S., Kapila, K, Al-Mulla, F.: Prevalence and correlation of human papilloma virus and its types with prognostic markers in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast in Kuwait. Sultan Qaboos University medical journal 2013, 13;527.
28. Piana, A.F., Sotgiu, G., Muroni, M.R., Cossu-Rocca, P., Castiglia, P, De Miglio, M.R.: HPV infection and triple-negative breast cancers: an Italian case-control study. Virology journal 2014, 11:, p.1.
2. Joshi D, Buehring GC. Are viruses associated with human breast cancer? Scrutinizing the molecular evidence. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012;135:1–15,
3. World Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer): Human Papilloma viruses. 1995,Vol.64.
4. Van Houten VM, Snijders PJ, Van den Brekel MW et al.: Biological evidence that human papilloma viruses are etiologically involved in a subgroup of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas .Int.J. Cancer 2001, 93,232-235.
5. Lonardo DA, Venuti A, Marcante ML: Human papillomavirus in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1992, 21: 95–100.
6. Liu Y, Klimberg VS, Andrews NR, Hicks CR, Peng H, Chiriva-Internati M,Henry-Tillman R, Hermonat PL: Human papillomavirus DNA is present in a subset of unselected breast cancers. J Hum Virol 2001, 4: 329–334.
7. Choi YL, Cho EY, Kim JH, Nam SJ, Oh YL, Song SY, Yang JH, Kim DS: Detection of human papillomavirus DNA by DNA chip in breast carcinomas of Korean women. Tumour Biol 2007, 28: 327–332.
8. Mendizabal-Ruiz AP, Morales JA, Ramı´rez-Jirano LJ, Padilla-Rosas M, Mora´n-Moguel MC, Montoya-Fuentes H. Low frequency of human papillomavirus DNA in breast cancer tissue. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009, 114: 189–194.
9. Gumus M, Yumuk PF, Salepci T, et al. HPV DNA frequency and subset analysis in human breast cancer patients’ normal and tumoral tissue samples. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2006, 25: 515 –521.
10. Wazer DE, Liu XL, Chu Q, Gao Q, Band V: Immortalization of distinct human mammary epithelial cell types by human papillomavirus 16 E6 or E7. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1995, 92:3687-3691.
11. Widschwendter A, Brunhuber T, Wiedemair A, Mueller-Holzner E, Marth C: Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in breast cancer of patients with cervical cancer history. J Clin Virol 2004, 31: 292 –297.
12. Lawson JS, Glenn WK, Heng B et al.: Koilocytes indicate a role for human papilloma virus. Br J Cancer 2009,101 (8), 1351-1356.
13. Duarte J, Bustamante M and Dinizza R et al : Immunohistochemical profile and clinical-pathological variables in breast cancer Rev Assoc Med Bras 2011, 58(2) 178–187 DOI: 10.1016/S0104-4230(12)70178-1.
14. Sandhu R, Parker J and Jones W et al : Microarray-based gene expression profiling for molecular classification of breast cancer and identification of new targets for therapy Lab Med 2010, 41(6) 364–372
15. Heng, B., Glenn, W.K., Ye, Y., Tran, B., Delprado, W., Lutze-Mann, L., Whitaker, N.J. and Lawson, J.S.: Human papilloma virus is associated with breast cancer. British journal of cancer 2009, 101(8),1345-50.
16. Ahmed RA, Yussif SM: Immunohistochemical detection of human cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus in invasive breast carcinoma in Egyptian women: A tissue microarray study. Journal of Solid Tumors 2016;6,. DOI: 10.5430/jst.v6n2p8).
17. Ava Kwong, Candy P. Leung, Vivian Y. Shin, Enders K. O. Ng: No Evidence of Human Papillomavirus in Patients with Breast Cancer in Hong Kong, Southern China,†ISRN Virology 2016, vol. 2013, Article ID 546503, 4 pages, 2013. doi:10.5402/2013/546503.
18. Lindel, K., Forster, A., Altermatt, H.J., Greiner, R. and Gruber, G.,: Breast cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: no evidence of a viral etiology in a group of Swiss women. The breast 2007, 16;172-177.
19. DeVilliers P, Andea A, Kerr E, Novak L, Alabama U.: Pitfalls in Diagnostic Tests for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus.†Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology 2010;110:e18.
20. Zhang, G., Yang, B. and Abdul-Karim, F.W.: p16 immunohistochemistry is useful in confirming high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in women with negative HPV testing. International Journal of Gynecological Pathology 2015, 34:180-186.
21. Girianelli, VR., Thuler, LCS. Silva GA. Prevalence of HPV infection among women covered by the Family Health Program in the Baixada Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e ObstetrÃcia 2010, 32;39-46.
22. Akarolo-Anthony, S.N., Famooto, A.O., Dareng, E.O., Olaniyan, O.B., Offiong, R., Wheeler, C.M. and Adebamowo, C.A.: Age-specific prevalence of human papilloma virus infection among Nigerian women. BMC public health 2014, 14;1.
23. Yasmeen A, Bismar TA, Kandouz M, Foulkes WD, Desprez PY, Al Moustafa AE: E6/E7 of HPV type 16 promotes cell invasion and metastasis of human breast cancer cells. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex) 2007;6:2038–2042.
24. Akil N, Yasmeen A, Kassab A, Ghabreau L, Darnel AD, Al Moustafa AE: High-risk human papillomavirus infections in breast cancer in Syrian women and their association with Id-1 expression: a tissue microarray study. British journal of cancer 2008, 99:404–407.
25. Cavuslu, S., Goodlad, J., Hobbs, C., Connor, A.M., Raju, K.S., Best, J.M. and Cason, J.: Relationship between human papillomavirus infection and overexpression of p53 protein in cervical carcinomas and lymph node metastases. Journal of medical virology 1997, 53;111-117.
26. Fernandes, A., Bianchi, G., Feltri, A.P., Pérez, M. and Correnti, M.: Presence of human papillomavirus in breast cancer and its association with prognostic factors. E cancer medical science 2015, 9.
27. Francis, I.M., Al-Ayadhy, B., Al-Awadhi, S., Kapila, K, Al-Mulla, F.: Prevalence and correlation of human papilloma virus and its types with prognostic markers in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast in Kuwait. Sultan Qaboos University medical journal 2013, 13;527.
28. Piana, A.F., Sotgiu, G., Muroni, M.R., Cossu-Rocca, P., Castiglia, P, De Miglio, M.R.: HPV infection and triple-negative breast cancers: an Italian case-control study. Virology journal 2014, 11:, p.1.
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ElSheshtawy NM, Shakweer MM, EL-Ghamrini YM. Is HPV virus associated with human breast cancer? Time to re-examine the postulate. Egyptian Study. Ann of Pathol and Lab Med [Internet]. 2017 Feb. 3 [cited 2025 May 17];4(1):A1-9. Available from: https://pacificejournals.com/journal/index.php/apalm/article/view/apalm1143
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