Estimation and correlation of different hemoglobin levels in HbE hemoglobinopathies in Indian population using capillary electrophoresis method.
Keywords:
Capillary electrophoresis, Hemoglobin E (HbE) heterozygote, Hemoglobin E (HbE) homozygote, Compound heterozygote of HbE with Thalassemia.Abstract
Background: Capillary electrophoresis (CE) estimates Hemoglobin E (HbE) in HbE hemoglobinopathies, which was previously not possible with other method due to combined elution of HbA2 with HbE . Associated hemoglobin abnormalities can be estimated with separation of HbA2 from HbE.
Methods: The study is retrospective using CE to detect abnormal HbE and differentiate the HbE syndromes. Student t-test was used for statistical analysis.
Result: 119 cases of HbE syndromes were identified and divided into HbE heterozygotes (71), HbE heterozygotes with borderline HbA2 (15), compound heterozygotes of HbE with Thalassemia (13 HbE with β-Thalassemia / 8 HbE with α-Thalassemia), compound heterozygotes of HbE with HbS (HbSE) (2) and HbE homozygotes (10). Mean HbA2 shows increasing pattern with increasing severity of HbE syndrome. However, compound heterozygote of HbE and β-Thalassemia (HbE-β-Thal) shows maximum mean level of HbA2 (5.46%). HbA2 of HbE heterozygote and HbE heterozygote with borderline HbA2 was not found to be significantly different, statistically. Fetal haemoglobin (HbF) of HbE homozygotes is found significantly higher than that of HbE heterozygotes, but significantly lower than that of HbE-Thalassemia. The HbE values of HbE with α-Thalassemia (HbE-α-Thal) and HbE-β-Thal were found to be below -3SD value (14.77%) and beyond +3SD value (37.77%) of mean of HbE of HbE heterozygote (26.27%), respectively.
Conclusion: The study identifies range of different hemoglobin levels in HbE syndromes, with special reference to HbA2. Concurrent iron deficiency anaemia also needs to be kept in mind in dealing with a population where iron deficiency is very common.
DOI: 10.21276/APALM.1228
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