India’s Hidden Disease: Retrospective Study Of Hansen Disease In A Tertiary Care Hospital
Keywords:
Leprosy, tuberculoid leprosy, lepromatous leprosy, Hansen, Ridley-Jopling classificationAbstract
Background:Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. There are various clinico-pathological forms of leprosy depending on the immune status of the host. Diagnosis of leprosy can be done by clinical, microbiological and histopathological examination. Histopathological examination is considered as important for confirmatory diagnosis, for assessment of the disease in patient’s under treatment and also for research purposes
Methods:A total of 28 skin biopsies of leprosy patients were studied in the Department of Pathology in Saveetha medical college over 7 year’s duration (2008 – 2015). A Ridley Jopling classification was used for the diagnosis and classification of the disease. All biopsies were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and Fite faraco. Clinico-histopathological correlation was done
Result:In this study, number of males (23cases) (82%) were more than the number of females (5 cases) (18%) Mean age of patients was 40 years. The Most common presentation of the lesion was hypopigmented macule involving two areas (13cases). Among 28 cases maximum cases were classified as borderline tuberculoid leprosy (8cases) (28.6%) and least number of cases classified as histiod leprosy (1 case) (3.6%). Fite faraco stain was positive for 3 cases in tuberculoid spectrum and 9 cases in lepromatous spectrum.
Conclusion: The current primary goal is early diagnosis of this disease in order to interrupt the transmission by early treatment. Histopathological examination is gold standard in confirmation of its diagnosis and its classification. As new immerging technique become available for the early diagnosis of leprosy, skin biopsies will continue to compliment these for providing more insights into the pathology of this disease.
DOI:Â 10.21276/APALM.1671
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