A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study of Platelet Indices in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21276/apalm.3531Keywords:
Platelet indices, Diabetes-mellitus, HbAIC levelAbstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing public health burden in India, projected to become the 'diabetic capital' of the world by 2030. Platelet activation plays a key role in the pro-thrombotic state associated with DM. Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), and Platelet Large Cell Ratio (P-LCR) are potential biomarkers to evaluate platelet activity and predict diabetic complications.
Methods: A cross-sectional, single-visit analytical study were conducted at a tertiary care center in Bhuj, Gujarat, India between 1st June 2023 to 30th November 2024.
Results: A total number of 130 cases each of non-diabetic and diabetic cases with or without complications were studied. The mean of MPV, PDW and P-LCR were statistically significantly increased in diabetic patients with complications than diabetic patients without complications and non-diabetic volunteer group. Poor glycemic control and raised FBS and PPBS blood sugar level cause increased risk of diabetic complications. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in RBS among all the study groups. Diabetic patients were divided into two groups according to their HbAlc levels: 3.1% in group A1 (mean HbAlc <6.5%) and 96.9% in group A2 (mean HbAlc ≥6.5%). However, platelet indices and blood sugar parameters in diabetes were not statistically significant between groups A1&A2.
Conclusion: Our study suggests that increased platelet volume indices may contribute to the prothrombotic state in diabetes mellitus. The raised MPV, PDW and P-LCR can be considered as key biomarkers for early detection of impending diabetic complications.
References
1. Smyth SS, McEver RP, Weyrich AS, Morrell CN, Hoffman MR, Arepally GM, et al. Platelet functions beyond hemostasis. J Thromb Haemost. 2009;7(11):1759-66.
2. Kuter DJ. Milestones in understanding platelet production: a historical overview. Br J Haematol. 2014;165(2):248-58.
3. Powers AC. Diabetes Mellitus. In: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 19th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2015. p.2399-2430.
4. Hers I. Insulin-like growth factor-1 potentiates platelet activation via the IRS/PI3Kalpha pathway. Blood. 2007;110(12):4243-52.
5. Papanas N, Symeonidis G, Maltezos E, Mavridis G, Karavageli E, Vosnakidis T, et al. Mean platelet volume in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Platelets. 2004:15(8):475-8.
6. Alberti KGMM, Zimmet PZ. Definition and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med. 2015;15:539-53.
7. Ferroni P, Basili S. Falco A, Davi G. Platelet activation in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Thromb Haemost. 2004 2(8):1282-91.
8. Barutta F, Bruno G, MatulloG, et al. MicroRNA-126 and vascular complications of type 1 diabetes. Acta Diabetol. 2017;54(2):133-9.
9. Kakouros N, Rade JJ, Kourliouros A, Resar JR. Platelet function in diabetes mellitus. Int J Endocrinol. 2011;2011:742719.
10. Keating FK, Sobel BE, Schneider DJ. Glucose and platelet reactivity. Am J Cardiol. 2003;92:1362-5.
11. Poretsky L. Principles of Diabetes Mellitus. 2nd ed. New York: Springer; 2010. p.3-19.
12. Das AK, Shah S. History of Diabetes. JAPI. 2011;59(Suppl):1-4.
13. Mishra J, Shah P, Sanil R. Hematological disorders in Kota Tribes. Asian J Biochem Pharm Res. 2012;2:156-62.
14. Giovanetti TV, do Nascimento AJ, de Paula JP. Platelet indices in clinical practice. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2011 33(2):164-5.
15. Vinik AI, Erbas T, Park TS, et al. Platelet Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(8):1476-85.
16. Davi G, Catalano I, Averna M, et al. Thromboxane biosynthesis and platelet function in diabetes. N Engl J Med. 1990;322(25):1769-74.
17. Kodiatte TA, Manikyam UK, Rao SB, et al. Mean platelet volume in type 2 diabetes. J Lab Phys. 2012;14:5-9.
18. Walinjkar RS, Khadse S, Kumar S, et al. Platelet indices and diabetic microvascular complications. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2019;23(2):206-10.
19. Shilpi K, Potekar RM. Platelet indices in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2018 34(1):115-20.
20. Vaddatti T, Premalatha P, Krishnamacharyulu PAV. MPV in diabetes. J Clin Pathol Forensic Med. 2016:7(1):1-6.
21. Alhadas KR, Santos SN, Freitas MM, et al. Platelet indices and type 2 diabetes. J Bras Patol Med Lab. 2016;52(2):96-102.
22. Jabeen F, Rizvi HA, Aziz F, et al. Hematological indices in diabetic patients. Int J Adv Res. 2013;1(8):322-34.
23. Demirtas L. Degirmenci H, Akbas E, et al. Hematological indices and microvascular complications. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015:8(7):11420-7.
24. Jindal S, Gupta S, Gupta R, et al. Platelet indices and diabetes. Hematology. 2011 16(2):86-9.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Bhavin Somabhai Sharma
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access at http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html).
